There
are three types of TBI:
Closed
This is the most common where there is no break of the skin.
They are often caused through a rapid acceleration and deceleration
causing the head to either rock back and forth or rotate. The
enclosed brain follows this same movement leading to twisting,
stretching and tearing of nerves. The inner surface of the skull
has spiny inner contours which may increase this damage. In addition,
blood vessels can be damaged leading to bleeding into the brain
tissues causing further damage.
Open
Less common where the skull is penetrated exposing the brain
leading to damage such as that caused by a bullet wound or sharp
object. The outcome of open injuries depends on the extent of
the area damaged.
Crush
This brain injury is the least common often resulting in damage
to the base of the skull and the brain stem which connects the
brain to the spinal cord. |
